Separation anxiety is a normal part of development for children, but when it becomes excessive and interferes with daily life, it may be a sign of separation anxiety disorder. This disorder can also affect adults and can have a significant impact on relationships and daily functioning. In this article, we will explore what separation anxiety disorder is, its symptoms and how it can be treated.
What is Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Separation anxiety disorder is a mental health condition that is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety when separated from a primary caregiver or loved one. This fear or anxiety can be triggered by separation from a parent, partner or even a pet. It is most commonly diagnosed in children, but it can also affect adults.
Symptoms of Separation Anxiety Disorder
The symptoms of separation anxiety disorder can vary depending on the age of the individual. In children, symptoms may include:
- Excessive distress when separated from a primary caregiver
- Refusal to go to school or participate in activities without the caregiver present
- Physical symptoms such as stomach aches or headaches when separated from the caregiver
- Nightmares about separation
- Clinging to the caregiver and not wanting to be left alone
In adults, symptoms may include:
- Excessive worry or fear when separated from a loved one
- Difficulty being alone or leaving the house without the loved one
- Physical symptoms such as nausea or dizziness when separated from the loved one
- Difficulty sleeping or concentrating due to worry about separation
- Avoiding activities or situations that may lead to separation
How is Separation Anxiety Disorder Diagnosed?
If you or your child are experiencing symptoms of separation anxiety disorder, it is important to seek help from a mental health professional. They will conduct a thorough evaluation and may use tools such as questionnaires and interviews to assess for the disorder.
To be diagnosed with separation anxiety disorder, the symptoms must be present for at least 4 weeks in children and 6 months in adults. The symptoms must also cause significant distress or impairment in daily functioning.
How to Treat Separation Anxiety Disorder
Fortunately, separation anxiety disorder is a highly treatable condition. Treatment may include therapy, medication or a combination of both.
Therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most commonly used therapy for separation anxiety disorder. This type of therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors that contribute to anxiety. A therapist may also use exposure therapy, which involves gradually exposing the individual to situations that trigger anxiety in a safe and controlled environment.
Family therapy may also be beneficial for children with separation anxiety disorder. This type of therapy involves the whole family and can help improve communication and coping skills.
Medication
In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help manage symptoms of separation anxiety disorder. Antidepressants, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are often used to treat anxiety disorders. These medications can help regulate brain chemicals that contribute to anxiety.
It is important to note that medication should always be used in conjunction with therapy and under the guidance of a mental health professional.
Coping with Separation Anxiety in Relationships
Separation anxiety disorder can also have a significant impact on relationships. It is important for both partners to understand the disorder and work together to manage symptoms.
Communication
Open and honest communication is key when dealing with separation anxiety in a relationship. Both partners should feel comfortable expressing their feelings and needs. It is important to listen to each other and work together to find solutions that work for both individuals.
Establish boundaries
Setting boundaries can help manage separation anxiety in a relationship. This may include setting aside specific times to check in with each other, having a plan for when one partner is away and respecting each other’s need for alone time.
Seek support
It can be helpful for both partners to seek support from a therapist or support group. This can provide a safe space to discuss feelings and learn coping strategies.
Coping with Separation Anxiety in Children
Separation anxiety disorder can be challenging for both children and parents. Here are some tips for coping with separation anxiety in children:
Validate feelings
It is important to validate your child’s feelings and let them know that it is okay to feel anxious or scared. This can help them feel understood and supported.
Practice separation
Gradually exposing your child to separation can help them learn to cope with their anxiety. Start with short periods of separation and gradually increase the time. It can also be helpful to have a consistent goodbye routine to help your child feel more secure.
Provide reassurance
Reassure your child that you will always come back and that they are safe. It can also be helpful to leave a comforting item, such as a stuffed animal or family photo, with your child when you are away.
Separation anxiety disorder is a common mental health condition that can affect both children and adults. At Wekiva, we are committed to providing a safe and nurturing environment for those who may be experiencing separation anxiety, without judgment or stigma. We have several programs designed to help treat underlying causes of separation anxiety in adults, such as PTSD. Call us today at 904-295-1995 to see how Wekiva can help you overcome separation anxiety, or schedule an assessment online.
About Wekiva Springs Hospital
Wekiva Springs Hospital is a welcoming facility that provides inpatient and outpatient behavioral health and substance abuse treatment. Located in Jacksonville, FL, we offer services to adult and senior adults.
Our beautiful campus is specifically designed to facilitate healing and recovery for each of our patients. We pride ourselves on accommodating the severity of each patient’s condition and servicing each individual need. Some of our services include our mental health, substance abuse, outpatient group therapy programs and more.
To schedule a no-cost assessment or for more information, please call 904-295-1995
